Learning grammar is one of the most difficult things for Korean language learners. On this blog, we will try to help you learn Korean grammar in the quickest and easiest way possible. This blog will be helpful for those who are studying the Korean language and want to improve their grammar skills.
Today, we’ll see how to form sentences with the grammar pattern “Verb/Adj. + 아/어/야 하다 and 되다,” along with some example sentences.
V/A + ‘아/어/해야 하다 and 되다’ has the meaning of “one has to…” or “one must…”. It is similar to “should/must/have to” expressions in English.
1. ‘-아/어/해야 하다’ is used with verbs and adjectives to express necessity.
2. ‘-아/어/해야 되다’ has the same meaning as ‘-아/어/해야 하다’. It is used more often in colloquial situations and has a weaker nuance compared to ‘-아/어/해야 하다’.
How to conjugate “ V/A + 아/어/해야 하다 and 되다" grammar pattern?
No. | Pattern | Case | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | V/A + 아/어/해야 하다 | Use ~아/어/야 하다 at the end of the verb/adj. stem | 가 - 가야 해요. |
2 | V/A + 아/어/해야 되다 | Use ~아/어야 되다 at the end of the verb/adj. stem | 먹다 - 먹어야 돼요. |
1) Regarding the ‘V/A + 아/어/해야 하다’ conjugation information.
Remove ‘다’ from the basic form of the verb/adj. and add ‘-아/어/해야 해요’ after the stem.
If the verb/adj. stem ends with ‘아’ or ‘오’, add ‘-아야 해요’.
If it ends with vowels other than ‘아’ or ‘오’, or a consonant, add ‘-어야 해요’.
If the stem ends with ‘-하다’, then ‘-하다’ becomes ‘-해야 해요’.
For example, in verbs like 가다, after removing ‘다’, the stem ends with the vowel ‘아’, so you add ‘-아야 해요’ at the end.
Ex :
- 가다 -가야 해요
- 먹다 - 먹어야 해요
- 공부하다 - 공부해야 해요
Regarding the ‘-아/어야 돼요’ conjugation information:
Remove ‘다’ from the basic form of the verb/adj. and add ‘-아/어야 돼요’ after the stem.
If the verb/adj. stem ends with ‘아’ or ‘오’, add ‘-아야 돼요’.
If it ends with vowels other than ‘아’ or ‘오’, or a consonant, add ‘-어야 돼요’.
If the stem ends with ‘-하다’, then ‘-하다’ becomes ‘-해야 돼요’.
For example, in verbs like 가다, after removing ‘다’, the stem ends with the vowel ‘아’, so you add ‘-아야 돼요’ at the end.
Ex :
- 가다 -가야 돼요
- 먹다 - 먹어야 돼요
- 공부하다 - 공부해야 돼요
EXAMPLE SENTENCES
- 오늘은 여자친구 생일이라서 빨리 집에 가야 해요. - I have to go home quickly because it's my girlfriend's birthday today.
- 감기에 걸리지 않기 위해서 따뜻한 옷을 입어야 해요. - You should wear warm clothes to avoid catching a cold.
- 다음 주부터 시험이 있어서 각오해야 해요. - I have exams starting next week. I have to be prepared.
- 빨리 가야 돼요. - We should go quickly.
- 이 옷은 정말 예뻐요. 이거 사셔야 돼요. - This dress is really pretty. You have to buy this.
- 시력이 안 좋아서 안경을 써야 돼요. - My eyesight is not good so I have to wear glasses.
Learning Korean can be tricky, especially when the goal of your learning is conversation. If you’ve ever attempted to speak Korean but were unable to, then hopefully you’ll find this post helpful.
Thank you for reading. If you have any questions or suggestions, comment down below.
